Timor-Leste is the youngest nation in Asia Pacific Region with a population characterized as one of the most youthful in the world. Timor-Leste’s 4^th NHDR is a collaborative project between the Government of Timor-Leste, UNDP and Flinders University, Australia. It aims to promote public discussion and policy making around the realization of young age structures, investing in youth and their well-being to benefit from a potential demographic dividend. The report is a tool for evidence based decision making towards improved human development and well-being in Timor-Leste, particularly among the youth.