Timor-Leste’s long history of colonialism, occupation and internal strife has left it vulnerable to violent outbursts. Recognizing that peace-building and social cohesion would be a long-term process, the Government, with financial and technical support from UNDP, formally established the DPBSC in December 2010. This multi-faceted programme focuses on institutionalizing peace-building within the national government, strengthening conflict resolution mechanisms at the community level, and ensuring women’s active participation in the peace process.